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The Ministry of Transport
Dırectorate General Of Turkısh State Raılways
Transportatıon Systems For The Youth Travel (International Implementations)
1- Inter Rail Card: In Inter Rail System, the international cards Inter Rail 26 and Inter Rail 26+ Card are on sale for the passengers. Inter Rail Card gives unlimited travel opportunity to the young under 26 in the second [...]
İznik became the centre of worldwide attention once again when the year 1989 was declared the year of İznik. Several activities relating to İznik took place; a symposium, an international exhibition and the publication of two books. Finally, the İznik Foundation was established in September 1993.
The Golden Horn
In olden times Haliç (as it is known in Turkish), was referred to as Khrysokeras, which means “The Golden Horn”. It is a perfect inner harbor. Due to the fact that it was rich in fish of all kinds and that the soil on its banks was extremely fertile. It was compared to [...]
A Perspective of the Future
Under these conditions, what can we think about the future of the city?
Is the city drifting towards a catastrophe?
The first thing we can probably do is form a plan (of course more than one) for Istanbul. We can make some intellectual exercises about the nature of the basic elements of such [...]
The Changes Brought by the Republic
The Republic of Turkey was in one respect founded against Istanbul. This, of course deeply effected a period of at least thirty years in the history of the city.
The conflict between Istanbul and the Republic stems not only from the residing of the sultans and various governments in this city. [...]
The Importance of Re-Evaluating the Cultural Richness of Istanbul
We are witnessing in Turkey, a desertion of environmental and cultural values with an ever increasing intensity since the middle decades of the 20th century.
No doubt, such a development must have reasons of many dimensions. A part of these stems from the usability of fully following the [...]
Istanbul During the Byzantine Period
Istanbul remained within the boundaries of the city walls built by Theodosius II in the 5th century throughout the whole of the Byzantine period and even until the end of the Ottoman period. The only exception was the Blakherna area to the north west of the city. It was considered in [...]
İstanbul during the Turkish period
When lstanbul came under Turkish rule Mehmet is known to have brought people from various parts of his empire and settled them in the deserted and devastated city so that it could be rebuilt. Thus the names of some of its districts, such as Aksaray, Karaman and Çarşamba, are related to [...]
The Hippodrome and the Monuments
In the Byzantine period the hippodrome was the centre of all activity. Rebellions were plotted and emperors were toppled from their thrones and punished. The new emperor, for whom the same fate may have been in store, was applauded. To put it in a nutshell, the hippodrome was where, the inhabitants [...]
The City Founded by Constantine
When the major projects had been completed in the newly built and enlarged city, an impressive opening ceremony was held on 11 May, 330 AD. The city had been granted all the privileges that belonged to Rome and its governor bore the title of proconsul. From 359 onwards this post was [...]
İstanbul before the Roman Era
It is known that Istanbul in Hellenic times was contained within the boundaries of what are now known as Sirkeci, the top of Alemdar Hill and Ahırkapı. In other words all the buildings of the first city were within the outer walls of the present Topkapı Palace. The city at that [...]